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  • 徐蕾, 李莎, 寧煥生. Web 3.0概念、內涵、技術及發展現狀[J]. 工程科學學報, 2023, 45(5): 774-786. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.09.14.002
    引用本文: 徐蕾, 李莎, 寧煥生. Web 3.0概念、內涵、技術及發展現狀[J]. 工程科學學報, 2023, 45(5): 774-786. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.09.14.002
    XU Lei, LI Sha, NING Huan-sheng. Concept, connotation, technology and development status of Web 3.0[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2023, 45(5): 774-786. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.09.14.002
    Citation: XU Lei, LI Sha, NING Huan-sheng. Concept, connotation, technology and development status of Web 3.0[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2023, 45(5): 774-786. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.09.14.002

    Web 3.0概念、內涵、技術及發展現狀

    Concept, connotation, technology and development status of Web 3.0

    • 摘要: Web 3.0作為人類所期待的下一代互聯網受到了學術界、產業界等廣泛關注,本文從不同國家(包括政策、公司和產品)、國際組織(ITU、IEEE、IET、W3C)和數據庫(Scopus、CNKI)出版物數量角度分析了Web 3.0的發展歷程以及發展現狀,得出Web 3.0中的基礎技術仍然是制約其發展的瓶頸.本文對Web 3.0中的基礎技術深入剖析,從網絡與計算技術(5G、6G、物聯網、云計算、邊緣計算及端計算),安全可信技術(區塊鏈技術、隱私計算、身份管理技術),虛實融合技術(虛實交互技術、IoX、跨鏈技術),智能交互技術(語義網、大數據與數據挖掘、人工智能)四個維度進行闡述.最后對未來Web 3.0在經濟、社會、文化方面引起的變革進行了總結.目前無論基于是信息技術升級的需求,還是走出疫情困擾持續低迷的全球經濟需求,都需要Web 3.0為經濟、科技、文化、社會的變革注入新動能.

       

      Abstract: Web 3.0 has widely piqued the interest of academia and industry as the next-generation internet. Therefore, this study analyzes the development process and status of Web 3.0 from the perspectives of countries (policies, companies, and products), international organizations (ITU, IEEE, IET, and W3C), and publications databases (Scopus, CNKI). It is concluded that the fundamental technology in Web 3.0 remains the bottleneck limiting its further development. This study performed an in-depth analysis of the fundamental technologies in Web 3.0 from four perspectives. The first is computing and networking. The ubiquitous “Internet of Things” architecture generates a large amount of real-time data, and it has become an inevitable trend to form a cloud, edge, and end multi-level computing collaboration mode. Furthermore, 5G and 6G network and computing technologies work collaboratively to lay a solid foundation for the best user experience. The second is a secure and reliable technology. In Web 3.0, data become users’ data assets. Blockchain technology, privacy-computing technology, and identity management technology are needed to build the technical foundation for value transmission when transferring digital assets and currency. The third technology is virtual-real fusion. Web 3.0 is a three-dimensional holographic, which means that not only will the virtual and real world be integrated, but the virtual world will also break the barriers between each virtual ecology. The technologies related to the fusion of the virtual and real world include virtual and real interaction technology, IoX and technologies related to the fusion of the virtual world include cross-chain technology. The fourth is intelligent interaction technology. The new generation of the internet will not only respond mechanically to the users’ search content but will also be able to read information like humans, providing users with more accurate, reliable, and personalized services. Intelligent interaction technology mainly includes: semantic web technology, big data, data mining technology, and artificial intelligence technology. Finally, it summarizes the future changes caused by Web 3.0 in the economy, society, culture, and Web 3.0 road with Chinese characteristics. Web 3.0 economic reform is mainly reflected in user-centered value creation. The social reform of Web 3.0 is mainly reflected in reshaping organizations, transforming from traditional and centralized to decentralized organizations. The cultural reform of Web 3.0 is mainly reflected in three fields. It protects the rights and interests of artists and artistic works, which greatly promotes the creation of art in Web 3.0; moreover, it promotes the preservation of cultural heritage and the development of tourism. It also establishes Game Finance (GameFi) to promote the improvement of language, writing, music, aesthetics, and other aspects of games. At present, we need Web 3.0 to impart new momentum to the economic, technological, cultural, and social changes, whether it is based on the demand for upgrading information technology or the need to get rid of the persistent downturn in the global economy caused by the epidemic.

       

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