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  • 不同表面熱處理H13鋼與7075鋁合金板高溫摩擦實驗對比研究

    Comparative Study on High-Temperature Friction Behavior of Differently Surface-Treated H13 Steel Die and 7075 Aluminum Alloy Sheets

    • 摘要: 在熱沖壓過程中,鋁合金板材與H13鋼之間的滑動接觸常導致嚴重磨損與粘著轉移,這會顯著降低成形質量并縮短模具壽命。本研究基于自主研發的板帶式高溫摩擦試驗機,根據鋁合金板材熱沖壓工藝模擬了固溶-成形-淬火過程,研究了加熱的7075鋁合金薄板與H13鋼模具之間的摩擦學性能。研究了在不同法向載荷下,分析三種表面處理狀態下H13鋼模具與7075鋁合金高溫摩擦行為及機理。具體三種表面處理如下:(I)淬火和回火(Q&T);(II)Q&T后離子滲氮(PN);(III)Q&T 后PVD-TiN 涂層(PVD-TiN)。實驗結果表明,法向壓力增大時,摩擦系數升高,粘著磨損加劇;在不同壓力條件下,PVD-TiN涂層與滲氮涂層均展現出優異的減摩性能。在4.5MPa中等壓力條件下,盡管PVD-TiN 模具的摩擦系數低于滲氮表面改性模具,但由于 PVD-TiN 涂層較薄易發生局部剝落,使新鮮金屬表面暴露,其粘著磨損比滲氮表面改性模具更嚴重;而滲氮處理形成的 Fe?N、Fe?N 等化合物可有效抑制粘著現象。在 5.4MPa 高壓力條件下,PVD-TiN 表面改性模具不僅能保持較低的摩擦系數,其表面形成的 TiN 顆粒還可顯著減輕粘著磨損,性能優于滲氮表面改性模具;而滲氮表面改性模具在高壓力下會因塑性變形產生 Fe-Cr 合金團狀顆粒,導致摩擦副接觸狀態惡化。

       

      Abstract: The sliding contact between aluminum alloy sheet and H13 steel in hot stamping often?leads to severe wear and adhesive transfer, significantly degrading forming quality and tooling life.?This study simulates the actual solution-forming-quenching process of hot stamping on a self-developed sheet-and-strip high-temperature friction tester. This study reveals the influence of different normal pressures on the thermal tribological behavior between three types of surface-modified H13 steel, quenched and tempered (Q&T) H13 steel, Q&T H13 steel combined with ion plasma nitriding (PN), and Q&T H13 steel combined with PVD-TiN coating (PVD-TiN)) and high-temperature aluminum alloy. The experimental results reveal that increased normal pressure a higher friction coefficient and intensified adhesive wear. Both PVD-TiN coating and nitriding coating exhibit excellent friction-reducing performance under different pressure conditions. Under the medium pressure condition of 4.5Mpa, although the friction coefficient of the PVD-TiN surface modified tool is lower than that of the surface nitrided tool, the adhesive wear is more severe than that of the surface nitrided tool because the thinner coating is prone to local spalling, exposing the fresh metal surface. However, the compounds such as Fe?N and Fe?N formed by nitriding treatment can effectively inhibit adhesion. Under the high pressure condition of 5.4Mpa, the the PVD-TiN surface modified tool not only maintains a lower friction coefficient, but also the TiN particles formed on its surface can significantly reduce adhesive wear, showing better performance than the surface nitrided tool. The latter, however, deteriorates the contact condition of the friction pair due to the formation of Fe-Cr alloy aggregate particles caused by plastic deformation.

       

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