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  • 多向吸能薄壁波紋蜂窩選區激光熔融成形工藝研究

    Study on Selective Laser Melting Forming Process of Multi-directional Energy Absorption Thin-Walled Corrugated Honeycomb

    • 摘要: 本研究以實現兼具多向承載與吸能能力的薄壁波紋蜂窩高質量制備為目的,通過SLM成型試驗與仿真模擬相結合的方式,開展了適用于多向承載薄壁波紋蜂窩制備的選區激光熔融(SLM)工藝研究。首先,以316L不銹鋼為基體材料,開展了針對波紋蜂窩成型的單道熔池仿真,結合SLM單道掃描試驗驗證,初步獲取了適用于0.1mm厚度蜂窩結構成型的激光功率和掃描速度關鍵參數閾值區間。進一步開展316L波紋蜂窩胞元成型試驗,分析了激光能量對蜂窩胞元成型質量的影響,并在此基礎上優化激光掃描功率和掃描速度參數區間的適宜范圍。最終結合蜂窩胞元成型仿真模擬,以波紋蜂窩成型的平均變形量為評估指標,確定了適用于薄壁波紋蜂窩的最優打印工藝參數組合。成功制備了壁厚均值為0.104mm的波紋蜂窩并開展了壓縮試驗。結果顯示,與傳統正六邊形蜂窩相比,制備的波紋蜂窩展現出更優異的多向承載和吸能能力,本研究為薄壁復雜曲面蜂窩結構的SLM工藝參數優化及成型提供了依據。

       

      Abstract: This study aims to achieve high?quality fabrication of thin?walled corrugated honeycomb structures exhibiting simultaneous multi?directional load?bearing and energy?absorption capabilities via Selective Laser Melting (SLM). Initially, 316L stainless steel was used as the base material to perform single?track melt?pool simulations tailored for corrugated honeycomb geometries. These simulations were validated against single?track SLM experiments, thereby identifying the threshold ranges of laser power and scan speed suitable for producing 0.1?mm?thick honeycomb walls. Subsequently, forming trials investigate on 316L stainless?steel corrugated honeycomb cells to systematically investigate the influence of laser energy input on cell fabrication quality. Based on these findings, the applicable parameter windows for laser scanning power and scan speed were optimized. Simulations of the honeycomb cell further refined this optimization: using average cell deformation as the evaluation metric, the optimal process parameter combination for thin?walled corrugated honeycomb fabrication was determined. Finally, a corrugated honeycomb specimen with an average wall thickness of 0.104?mm was fabricated under the optimized SLM conditions and subjected to quasi?static compression testing. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared with conventional regular hexagonal honeycombs, the corrugated configuration offers superior multi?directional load?bearing performance and energy?absorption capacity. This work provides a basis for process-parameter optimization and high‐quality fabrication of thin-walled, complex?surface honeycomb structures via SLM.

       

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